``Bare'' Adjunct Clauses

``Bare'' adjunct clauses do not have an overt subordinating conjunction, but are typically parallel in meaning to clauses with subordinating conjunctions. For this reason, we have elected to handle them using the same trees shown above, but with null anchors. They are selected at the same time and in the same way the PRO tree is, as they all have PRO subjects. Three values of <mode> are licensed: inf (infinitive), ger (gerundive) and ppart (past participal).^15.1 They interact with complementizers as follows:

• Participial complements do not license any complementizers:^15.2

  (239)0(239

  (240)

  [Destroyed by the fire], the building still stood.  (240)0(240

  (241)

  The fire raged for days [destroying the building].  (241)0(241

  (242)

  $\ast$[That destroyed by the fire], the building still stood. 

  
  

    

  Figure 15.3: Sample Participial Adjuncts

  (a)	(b)

  
  
• Infinitival adjuncts, including purpose clauses, are licensed both with and without the complementizer for.

  (242)0(242

  (243)

  Harriet bought a Mustang [to impress Eugene].  (243)0(243

  (244)

  [To impress Harriet], Eugene dyed his hair.  (244)0(244

  (245)

  Traffic stopped [for Harriet to cross the street].